DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PARIWISATA SUMATERA BARAT
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran dampak awal pandemi covid-19 terhadap pariwisata Sumatera Barat secara makro maupun mikro dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil survei terhadap 31 destinasi wisata dengan menggunakan survei online dan data sekunder berasal dari publikasi BPS dan Instansi Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Barat, web resmi pemerintah dan non pemerintah serta lembaga lainnya. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan analisis deskriptif diperoleh hasil temuan bahwa pandemi covid-19 berdampak signifikan terhadap penurunan jumlah kunjungan wisatawan dan pendapatan sektor transportasi dan pergudangan serta penyediaan akomodasi dan makan minum, tenaga kerja, kerugian dan penurunan pendapatan usaha. Rekomendasi yang diusulkan adalah kebijakan kolaborasi yang melibatkan stake holder terkait pada dua tahap yaitu tahap masa pandemi dan pasca pandemi dalam rangka pemulihan sektor pariwisata dan mitigasi krisis pariwisata kedepannya
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020a). Berita resmi statistik. BPS.go.id (Issue 27). https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2020/08/05/1737/-ekonomi-indonesia-triwulan-ii-2020-turun-5-32-persen.html
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020b). Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Triwulan IV-2019. In Www.Bps.Go.Id (Issue 17/02/Th. XXIV). https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2020/02/05/1755/ekonomi-indonesia-2019-tumbuh-5-02-persen.html
Bank Indonesia. (2018). Mendulang Devisa Melalui Pariwisata. In Mendulang Devisa Melalui Pariwisata (pp. 8–9). Bank Indonesia.
BPS. (2020a). Analisis Hasil Survei Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Pelaku Usaha.
BPS. (2020b). Perilaku Masyarakat di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Vol. 19, Issue September).
BPS. (2020c). Perkembangan Pariwisata dan Transportasi Nasional Juni 2020. Berita Resmi Statistik, 61, 1–16.
Chowdhury, E. K. (2020). Catastrophic Impact of Covid-19 on Tourism Sector in Bangladesh Catastrophic Impact of Covid-19 on Tourism Sector in Bangladesh : An Event Study Approach. The Cost and Management, September.
Christian, M., & Hidayat, F. (2020). Dampak Coronavirus Terhadap Ekonomi Global. In Perkembangan Ekonomi Keuangan dan Kerja Sama Internasional (Edisi I 20, pp. 87–89). file:///E:/covid tourism/Dampak covid laporan BI.pdf
Cooper, M. (2013). Japanese tourism and the SARS epidemic of 2003. Tourism Crises: Management Responses and Theoretical Insight, August 2014, 117–132. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073vl9n02_10
Disnakertrans Prov.Sumbar. (2020). data naker terdampak covid-19. Disnakertrans Prov.Sumbar.
Dispar Prov.Sumbar. (2019). STATISTIK KEPARIWISATAAN SUMATERA BARAT 2018.
Dispar Prov.Sumbar. (2020a). data parekraf terdampak covid 19 Sumbar (1).pdf.
Dispar Prov.Sumbar. (2020b). Notulen Bidang Pariwisata. Dinas Pariwisata Prov.Sumbar.
Dombey, O. (2004). The effects of SARS on the Chinese tourism industry. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 10(1), 4–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670301000101
Gössling, S., Scott, D., & Hall, C. M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 0(0), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1758708
GPMB, G. P. M. B. (2019). A world at risk: annual report on global preparedness for health emergencies. In Sales and Marketing Management (Issue 9 PART 1).
Jennifer, M., Tilaar, I., Jennifer, M., & Tilaar, I. (2020). The Tourism Industry in A Developing Destination in Time of Crisis The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on The Tourism Industry in North Sulawesi , Indonesia Time of Crisis.
Joo, H., Maskery, B. A., Berro, A. D., Rotz, L. D., Lee, Y. K., & Brown, C. M. (2019). Economic Impact of the 2015 MERS Outbreak on the Republic of Korea’s Tourism-Related Industries. Health Security, 17(2), 100–108. https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2018.0115
Katadata.co.id. (2020). Turis Asing Anjlok Saat Pandemi, Bisnis Pariwisata Rugi Rp 85 Triliun - Travel Katadata. Diakses 7 September 2020. https://katadata.co.id/ekarina/berita/5f0d844724822/turis-asing-anjlok-saat-pandemi-bisnis-pariwisata-rugi-rp-85-triliun
Kemenko Perekonomian RI. (2020). Kartu Prakerja - Tentang Kami. https://www.prakerja.go.id/tentang-kami
Kemenparekraf RI. (2020). Rencana mitigasi. In Rencana Mitigasi Sektor Parekraf dalam Menangani Dampak Covid 19.
Kim, S. S., Chun, H., & Lee, H. (2005). The effects of SARS on the Korean hotel industry and measures to overcome the crisis: A case study of six Korean five-star hotels. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 10(4), 369–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660500363694
Kumar, P., & Rou, H. (2020). Impact Assessment of Covid-19: In Tourism Perspectıve. Dogo Rangsang Research Journal, 10(6), 291–295. https://doi.org/10.46528/DRSRJ.2020.V10I06N01.29
lokadata.beritagar.id. (2020). Penerimaan devisa sektor pariwisata, 2013-2019 - Lokadata. https://lokadata.beritagar.id/chart/preview/penerimaan-devisa-sektor-pariwisata-2013-2019-1587035701
lokadata.id. (2019). Penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor pariwisata, 2010-2019. https://lokadata.id/data/penyerapan-tenaga-kerja-sektor-pariwisata-2010-2019-1582009409
money.kompas.com. (2020). Akibat Pandemi, Pendapatan Devisa Sektor Pariwisata Turun hingga 90 Persen. https://money.kompas.com/read/2020/09/25/135500926/akibat-pandemi-pendapatan-devisa-sektor-pariwisata-turun-hingga-90-persen
Novelli, M., Gussing Burgess, L., Jones, A., & Ritchie, B. W. (2018). ‘No Ebola…still doomed’ – The Ebola-induced tourism crisis. Annals of Tourism Research, 70(March), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.03.006
Pemprov Sumbar. (2018). Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat Nomor 1 Tahun 2018 Tentang Perubahan Atas Perda Nomor 6 Tahun 2016 Tentang RPJMD Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2016-2021.
Purwanto, E. A., & Sulistyastuti, D. R. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Untuk Administrasi Publik dan Masalah-Masalah Sosial. Gava Media.
Rahman, M. A., Kusuma, A. Z. D., Fatah, A. R., & Arfyanto, H. (2020). Mengantisipasi Potensi Dampak Krisis Akibat Pandemi COVID-19. Smeru Research Institute, No.4/juli/2020. http://smeru.or.id/id/content/mengantisipasi-potensi-dampak-krisis-akibat-pandemi-covid-19-terhadap-sektor-ketenagakerjaan.
Rosa, Y. Del. (2019). Pariwisata Sebagai Sektor Unggulan Provinsi Sumatera Barat ( Pendekatan Analisis Location Quotient ). Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 3(September), 208–217. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v3i2.83
Rubin, H. (2011). Future Global Shocks: Pandemics. OCED Publishing, 33(Jan), 2–88. 3C057C19B
Rutynskyi, M., & Kushniruk, H. (2020). The impact of quarantine due to COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry in Lviv (Ukraine). Problems and Perspectives in Management, 18(2), 194–205. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(2).2020.17
Rwigema, P. C. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 pandemic to Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions (MICE) tourism in Rwanda. The Srategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7(3), 395–409.
Satria, D., Marta, J., & Riani, N. Z. (2018). Analisis Kendala Investasi dan Upaya Terobosan dalam Meningkatkan Investasi Sektor Pariwisata Sumatera Barat. April. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28776.52487
Soehardi, S., Permatasari, D. A., & Sihite, J. (2020). Pengaruh Pandemik Covid-19 Terhadap Pendapatan Tempat Wisata dan Kinerja Karyawan Pariwisata di Jakarta. Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah, 1(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.31599/jki.v1i1.216
UNWTO. (2020). International Tourist Numbers Down 65% in First Half of 2020, Unwto Reports. Internas TOURIST NUMBERS DOWN 65% IN FIRST HALF OF 2020, UNWTO REPORTS. https://www.unwto.org/news/international-tourist-numbers-down-65-in-first-half-of-2020-unwto-reports
Wulung, S. R. P., Puspasari, A. H., Zahira, A., & ... (2020). Destinasi Super Prioritas Mandalika dan Covid-19. Khasanah Ilmu-Jurnal …, 11(September), 83–91.
https://ejournal.bsi.ac.id/ejurnal/index.php/khasanah/article/view/8552
www.cnnindonesia.com. (n.d.). Lebih dari 10 Ribu Pekerja di Sumbar Dirumahkan dan Kena PHK. 2020. Retrieved September 7, 2020, from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20200522122612-92-505856/lebih-dari-10-ribu-pekerja-di-sumbar-dirumahkan-dan-kena-phk
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020b). Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Triwulan IV-2019. In Www.Bps.Go.Id (Issue 17/02/Th. XXIV). https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2020/02/05/1755/ekonomi-indonesia-2019-tumbuh-5-02-persen.html
Bank Indonesia. (2018). Mendulang Devisa Melalui Pariwisata. In Mendulang Devisa Melalui Pariwisata (pp. 8–9). Bank Indonesia.
BPS. (2020a). Analisis Hasil Survei Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Pelaku Usaha.
BPS. (2020b). Perilaku Masyarakat di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Vol. 19, Issue September).
BPS. (2020c). Perkembangan Pariwisata dan Transportasi Nasional Juni 2020. Berita Resmi Statistik, 61, 1–16.
Chowdhury, E. K. (2020). Catastrophic Impact of Covid-19 on Tourism Sector in Bangladesh Catastrophic Impact of Covid-19 on Tourism Sector in Bangladesh : An Event Study Approach. The Cost and Management, September.
Christian, M., & Hidayat, F. (2020). Dampak Coronavirus Terhadap Ekonomi Global. In Perkembangan Ekonomi Keuangan dan Kerja Sama Internasional (Edisi I 20, pp. 87–89). file:///E:/covid tourism/Dampak covid laporan BI.pdf
Cooper, M. (2013). Japanese tourism and the SARS epidemic of 2003. Tourism Crises: Management Responses and Theoretical Insight, August 2014, 117–132. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073vl9n02_10
Disnakertrans Prov.Sumbar. (2020). data naker terdampak covid-19. Disnakertrans Prov.Sumbar.
Dispar Prov.Sumbar. (2019). STATISTIK KEPARIWISATAAN SUMATERA BARAT 2018.
Dispar Prov.Sumbar. (2020a). data parekraf terdampak covid 19 Sumbar (1).pdf.
Dispar Prov.Sumbar. (2020b). Notulen Bidang Pariwisata. Dinas Pariwisata Prov.Sumbar.
Dombey, O. (2004). The effects of SARS on the Chinese tourism industry. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 10(1), 4–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670301000101
Gössling, S., Scott, D., & Hall, C. M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 0(0), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1758708
GPMB, G. P. M. B. (2019). A world at risk: annual report on global preparedness for health emergencies. In Sales and Marketing Management (Issue 9 PART 1).
Jennifer, M., Tilaar, I., Jennifer, M., & Tilaar, I. (2020). The Tourism Industry in A Developing Destination in Time of Crisis The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on The Tourism Industry in North Sulawesi , Indonesia Time of Crisis.
Joo, H., Maskery, B. A., Berro, A. D., Rotz, L. D., Lee, Y. K., & Brown, C. M. (2019). Economic Impact of the 2015 MERS Outbreak on the Republic of Korea’s Tourism-Related Industries. Health Security, 17(2), 100–108. https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2018.0115
Katadata.co.id. (2020). Turis Asing Anjlok Saat Pandemi, Bisnis Pariwisata Rugi Rp 85 Triliun - Travel Katadata. Diakses 7 September 2020. https://katadata.co.id/ekarina/berita/5f0d844724822/turis-asing-anjlok-saat-pandemi-bisnis-pariwisata-rugi-rp-85-triliun
Kemenko Perekonomian RI. (2020). Kartu Prakerja - Tentang Kami. https://www.prakerja.go.id/tentang-kami
Kemenparekraf RI. (2020). Rencana mitigasi. In Rencana Mitigasi Sektor Parekraf dalam Menangani Dampak Covid 19.
Kim, S. S., Chun, H., & Lee, H. (2005). The effects of SARS on the Korean hotel industry and measures to overcome the crisis: A case study of six Korean five-star hotels. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 10(4), 369–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660500363694
Kumar, P., & Rou, H. (2020). Impact Assessment of Covid-19: In Tourism Perspectıve. Dogo Rangsang Research Journal, 10(6), 291–295. https://doi.org/10.46528/DRSRJ.2020.V10I06N01.29
lokadata.beritagar.id. (2020). Penerimaan devisa sektor pariwisata, 2013-2019 - Lokadata. https://lokadata.beritagar.id/chart/preview/penerimaan-devisa-sektor-pariwisata-2013-2019-1587035701
lokadata.id. (2019). Penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor pariwisata, 2010-2019. https://lokadata.id/data/penyerapan-tenaga-kerja-sektor-pariwisata-2010-2019-1582009409
money.kompas.com. (2020). Akibat Pandemi, Pendapatan Devisa Sektor Pariwisata Turun hingga 90 Persen. https://money.kompas.com/read/2020/09/25/135500926/akibat-pandemi-pendapatan-devisa-sektor-pariwisata-turun-hingga-90-persen
Novelli, M., Gussing Burgess, L., Jones, A., & Ritchie, B. W. (2018). ‘No Ebola…still doomed’ – The Ebola-induced tourism crisis. Annals of Tourism Research, 70(March), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.03.006
Pemprov Sumbar. (2018). Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat Nomor 1 Tahun 2018 Tentang Perubahan Atas Perda Nomor 6 Tahun 2016 Tentang RPJMD Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2016-2021.
Purwanto, E. A., & Sulistyastuti, D. R. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Untuk Administrasi Publik dan Masalah-Masalah Sosial. Gava Media.
Rahman, M. A., Kusuma, A. Z. D., Fatah, A. R., & Arfyanto, H. (2020). Mengantisipasi Potensi Dampak Krisis Akibat Pandemi COVID-19. Smeru Research Institute, No.4/juli/2020. http://smeru.or.id/id/content/mengantisipasi-potensi-dampak-krisis-akibat-pandemi-covid-19-terhadap-sektor-ketenagakerjaan.
Rosa, Y. Del. (2019). Pariwisata Sebagai Sektor Unggulan Provinsi Sumatera Barat ( Pendekatan Analisis Location Quotient ). Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 3(September), 208–217. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v3i2.83
Rubin, H. (2011). Future Global Shocks: Pandemics. OCED Publishing, 33(Jan), 2–88. 3C057C19B
Rutynskyi, M., & Kushniruk, H. (2020). The impact of quarantine due to COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry in Lviv (Ukraine). Problems and Perspectives in Management, 18(2), 194–205. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(2).2020.17
Rwigema, P. C. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 pandemic to Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions (MICE) tourism in Rwanda. The Srategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 7(3), 395–409.
Satria, D., Marta, J., & Riani, N. Z. (2018). Analisis Kendala Investasi dan Upaya Terobosan dalam Meningkatkan Investasi Sektor Pariwisata Sumatera Barat. April. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28776.52487
Soehardi, S., Permatasari, D. A., & Sihite, J. (2020). Pengaruh Pandemik Covid-19 Terhadap Pendapatan Tempat Wisata dan Kinerja Karyawan Pariwisata di Jakarta. Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah, 1(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.31599/jki.v1i1.216
UNWTO. (2020). International Tourist Numbers Down 65% in First Half of 2020, Unwto Reports. Internas TOURIST NUMBERS DOWN 65% IN FIRST HALF OF 2020, UNWTO REPORTS. https://www.unwto.org/news/international-tourist-numbers-down-65-in-first-half-of-2020-unwto-reports
Wulung, S. R. P., Puspasari, A. H., Zahira, A., & ... (2020). Destinasi Super Prioritas Mandalika dan Covid-19. Khasanah Ilmu-Jurnal …, 11(September), 83–91.
https://ejournal.bsi.ac.id/ejurnal/index.php/khasanah/article/view/8552
www.cnnindonesia.com. (n.d.). Lebih dari 10 Ribu Pekerja di Sumbar Dirumahkan dan Kena PHK. 2020. Retrieved September 7, 2020, from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20200522122612-92-505856/lebih-dari-10-ribu-pekerja-di-sumbar-dirumahkan-dan-kena-phk
Published
2020-12-30
How to Cite
MASBIRAN, Vivi Ukhwatul K.
DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PARIWISATA SUMATERA BARAT.
Jurnal Pembangunan Nagari, [S.l.], v. 5, n. 2, p. 148-164, dec. 2020.
ISSN 2527-6387.
Available at: <http://ejournal.sumbarprov.go.id/index.php/jpn/article/view/212>. Date accessed: 24 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.30559/jpn.v5i2.212.
Issue
Section
Articles
With the receipt of the article by the Editorial Board of the Jurnal Pembangunan Nagari and it was decided to be published, then the copyright regarding the article will be diverted to Jurnal Pembangunan Nagari.
We hold the copyright regarding all the published articles and have the right to multiply and distribute the article under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).
The Copyright Transfer Agreement can be downloaded HERE.
please fill, sign, scan and send it back in PDF format to myus8896@gmail.com and rosdalia@gmail.com
